10 Countries with the Largest Muslim Populations, PEW Research Centre (projections as of 2010) Rank Country Population 1 Indonesia 209,120,000 2 India 176,200,000 3 Pakistan 167,410,000 4 Bangladesh 134,430,000 5 Nigeria 77,300,000 6 Egypt 76,990,000 7 Iran 73,570,000 8 Turkey 71,330,000 9 Algeria 34,730,000 10 Morocco 31,930,000